Al-Araji, A.S. (2017) “Design of Nonlinear PID Neural Controller for the Speed Control of a Permanent Magnet DC Motor Model based on Optimization Algorithm”, Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, 10(1), pp. 72–82. Available at: https://alkej.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/alkej/article/view/192 (Accessed: 4 January 2026).