Vol. 18 No. 3 (2022), Articles
Vol. 18 No. 3 (2022)

Study of Microbial Desalination Cell Performance; Power Generation and Desalination Efficiency using Pure Oxygen in a Cathode Chamber

Articles
Published 2022-09-08
Hussein H. Abd-almohi
Department of Biochemical Engineering/ Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering/ University of Baghdad/ Iraq
Ziad T. Alismaeel
Department of Biochemical Engineering/ Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering/ University of Baghdad/ Iraq
Mohanad J. M-Ridha
Department of Environmental Engineering/ College of Engineering/ University of Baghdad/ Iraq
PDF

How to Cite

Study of Microbial Desalination Cell Performance; Power Generation and Desalination Efficiency using Pure Oxygen in a Cathode Chamber. (2022). Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, 18(3). https://doi.org/10.22153/kej.2022.07.002
ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver AMA

Download Citation

Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

Abstract

Microbial Desalination Cell (MDC) is capable of desalinating seawater, producing electrical power and treating wastewater. Previously, chemical cathodes were used, which were application restrictions due to operational expenses are quite high, low levels of long-term viability and high toxicity. A pure oxygen cathode was using, external resistance 50 and 150 k Ω were studied with two concentrations of NaCl in the desalination chamber 15-25 g/L which represents the concentration of brackish water and sea water. The highest energy productivity was obtained, which amounted to 44 and 46 mW/m3, and the maximum limit for desalination of saline water was (31% and 26%) for each of 25 g / L and 15 g / L, respectively, when using an external resistance of 150 KΩ. At 50 KΩ, 13 and 12 mW/m3 were obtained, and the maximum desalination limit were 20% and 2% when using 25 g / L and 15 g / L, respectively. The concept of the mixing process was introduced in the desalination chamber to improve the performance of the system, where the highest energy productivity was obtained, which amounted 45 and 47 mW/m3, and the percentage of salt removal in the desalination chamber were 40% and 55% when using 15 g/L and 25 g/L and 150 KΩ, respectively. This study demonstrated a promising approach to using the mixing process in the desalination room in order to increase the desalination and electrical productivity.

 

PDF

References

A. E. Atabani, I. A. Badruddin, S. Mekhilef, and A. S. Silitonga, “A review on global fuel economy standards, labels and technologies in the transportation sector,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 4586–4610, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.092.

H. H. Abd-almohi, Z. T. Alismaeel, and M. J. M-Ridha, “Broad-ranging review: configurations, membrane types, governing equations and influencing factors on microbial desalination cell technology,” J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., Jun. 2022, doi: 10.1002/JCTB.7176.

R. Semiat, “Critical Review Energy Issues in Desalination Processes,” Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 42, no. 22, pp. 8193–8201, 2008.

Z. T. Alismaeel, A. H. Abbar, and O. F. Saeed, “Application of central composite design approach for optimisation of zinc removal from aqueous solution using a Flow-by fixed bed bioelectrochemical reactor,” Sep. Purif. Technol., vol. 287, no. January, p. 120510, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120510.

D. R. Saad, Z. T. Alismaeel, and A. H. Abbar, “Cobalt Removal from Simulated Wastewaters Using a Novel Flow-by Fixed Bed Bio-electrochemical Reactor,” Chem. Eng. Process. - Process Intensif., vol. 156, no. August, p. 108097, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.cep.2020.108097.

V. G. Gude, “Desalination and sustainability - An appraisal and current perspective,” Water Res., vol. 89, pp. 87–106, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.11.012.

J. P. Chen, L. K. Wang, L. Yang, and Y. Zheng, Membrane and Desalination Technologies, vol. 13. 2011. doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-278-6.

C. Forrestal, P. Xu, P. E. Jenkins, and Z. Ren, “Microbial desalination cell with capacitive adsorption for ion migration control,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 120, no. September, pp. 332–336, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.044.

H. Wang and Z. J. Ren, “A comprehensive review of microbial electrochemical systems as a platform technology,” Biotechnol. Adv., vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 1796–1807, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.10.001.

X. Cao et al., “A new method for water desalination using microbial desalination cells,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 43, no. 18, pp. 7148–7152, 2009, doi: 10.1021/es901950j.

M. Mehanna et al., “Using microbial desalination cells to reduce water salinity prior to reverse osmosis,” Energy Environ. Sci., vol. 3, no. 8, pp. 1114–1120, 2010, doi: 10.1039/c002307h.

K. S. Jacobson, D. M. Drew, and Z. He, “Efficient salt removal in a continuously operated upflow microbial desalination cell with an air cathode,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 102, no. 1, pp. 376–380, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.030.

X. Chen, X. Xia, P. Liang, X. Cao, H. Sun, and X. Huang, “Stacked microbial desalination cells to enhance water desalination efficiency,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 2465–2470, 2011, doi: 10.1021/es103406m.

Z. He, N. Wagner, S. D. Minteer, and L. T. Angenent, “An upflow microbial fuel cell with an interior cathode: Assessment of the internal resistance by impedance spectroscopy,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 40, no. 17, pp. 5212–5217, 2006, doi: 10.1021/es060394f.

Q. Wen, H. Zhang, Z. Chen, Y. Li, J. Nan, and Y. Feng, “Using bacterial catalyst in the cathode of microbial desalination cell to improve wastewater treatment and desalination,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 125, pp. 108–113, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.140.

K. S. Jacobson, D. M. Drew, and Z. He, “Use of a liter-scale microbial desalination cell as a platform to study bioelectrochemical desalination with salt solution or artificial seawater,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 45, no. 10, pp. 4652–4657, 2011, doi: 10.1021/es200127p.

H. Luo, P. E. Jenkins, and Z. Ren, “Concurrent desalination and hydrogen generation using microbial electrolysis and desalination cells,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 340–344, 2011, doi: 10.1021/es1022202.

Y. Kim and B. E. Logan, “Series assembly of microbial desalination cells containing stacked electrodialysis cells for partial or complete seawater desalination,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 45, no. 13, pp. 5840–5845, 2011, doi: 10.1021/es200584q.

M. Mehanna, P. D. Kiely, D. F. Call, and B. E. Logan, “Microbial electrodialysis cell for simultaneous water desalination and hydrogen gas production,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 44, no. 24, pp. 9578–9583, 2010, doi: 10.1021/es1025646.

L. Huang, X. Chai, G. Chen, and B. E. Logan, “Effect of set potential on hexavalent chromium reduction and electricity generation from biocathode microbial fuel cells,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 45, no. 11, pp. 5025–5031, 2011, doi: 10.1021/es103875d.

X. Zhang, W. He, L. Ren, J. Stager, P. J. Evans, and B. E. Logan, “COD removal characteristics in air-cathode microbial fuel cells,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 176, pp. 23–31, Jan. 2015, doi: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2014.11.001.

Copyright: Open Access authors retain the copyrights of their papers, and all open access articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations. While the advice and information in this journal are believed to be true and accurate on the date of its going to press, neither the authors, the editors, nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.