الملخص
في الجيل الخامس (5G) وأنظمة الاتصالات اللاسلكية المستقبلية، يعد التفاعل بين المدخلات والمخرجات المتعددة (MIMO) والموجات المليمترية (mmWaves) أمرًا مهمًا. يتيح عرض النطاق الترددي الموسع لنطاقات mmWave نشر هوائيات متعددة ، مثل تلك الموجودة في الهواتف الذكية أو الخلايا الصغيرة، مما يتيح أنظمة MIMO بترددات أعلى. يعد الجمع بين MIMO وتقنية mmWave أمرًا بالغ الأهمية لتوفير معدلات بيانات أعلى وكفاءة أكبر للطيف المطلوبة لتلبية الطلب المتزايد على الاتصالات اللاسلكية ذات النطاق الترددي العالي. ومع ذلك، فإن التأخير الزمني، والخبو، والانتشار، وخسائر التشتت هي مشكلات تتعلق بانتشار إشارة تردد الموجة المليمترية. الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو إظهار تأثير نماذج فقدان المسار (PL) (نماذج ألفا - بيتا - جاما [ABG] والنماذج القريبة [CI]) على تصميم وتحليل نظام MIMO 4 × 4 باستخدام تقنية التشكيل التربيعي 16 (QAM) للاتصالات اللاسلكية 5G. على وجه التحديد، قمنا بتقييم دقة وحساسية هذه النماذج من خلال مقارنة النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها من مجموعات البيانات المرصودة التي تمتد من 28 إلى 60 جيجاهرتز ومسافة 100 متر. أظهر نموذج CI المادي جودة ملاءمة قابلة للمقارنة للغاية مع بعضها البعض (في هذه الحالة ، الاختلاف القياسي لتلاشي الظل) ، أظهر هذا النموذج سلوكا أكثر استقرارا عبر المسافات والترددات وأسفر عن أخطاء تنبؤ أصغر في اختبارات ولمجموعة متنوعة من المسافات والترددات. قلل نموذج ABG من توقع PL عندما كان قريبا نسبيا من جهاز الإرسال وبالغ في التنبؤ ب PL عندما يكون بعيدا نسبيا عن جهاز الإرسال.
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